| 논문명 |
미군정기 전재민(戰災民) 주택 연구 / Exploring U.S. Military Government's Refugee Housing Efforts in Korea |
| 수록사항 |
대한건축학회논문집, Vol.40 No.8 (2024-08) |
| 주제어 |
미군정; 해방 후; 주택정책; 주택부족; 전재민; 전재민주택(난민주택) ; U.S military government; Post-liberation; Housing policy; Housing shortage; Refugees; Refugee housing |
| 요약1 |
본 연구는 1945~1948년 미군정이 한국에서 시행한 전재민주택 건설의 구체적 양상을 밝히는 것을 목표로 한다. 해방 후 남한은 심각한 주택부족에 직면했고, 미군정은 이를 해결코자 전략적으로 세 유형의 전재민주택(영구적 주택, 조립식 반영구 주택, 긴급주택)을 건설했다. 이는 미군정의 일방적 조치가 아니라 정부, 공공, 민간 등 다양한 이해관계자 간의 협업을 통해 진행됐다. 전재민주택은 명백한 한계에도 불구하고 해방 후 주택난을 완화하는데 일정 부분 기여했고, 이를 통해 미군정의 주택정책에 대한 역사적 평가를 재고할 수 있었다. |
| 요약2 |
This study clarifies the specifics of refugee housing construction by the U.S. military government in Korea from 1945 to 1948. After liberation from Japan in 1945, South Korea faced a severe housing shortage due to the influx of returnees from overseas and North Korea. The U.S. military government introduced several housing policies, including refugee housing construction, which were generally considered unsuccessful. However, this study confirms that the U.S. military government strategically categorized housing policies based on the urgency of housing construction and the durability of planned houses, resulting in three types of refugee housing: permanent housing, prefabricated semi-permanent housing, and emergency housing. These projects involved various stakeholders, such as government departments, public organizations, and private associations, demonstrating that these efforts were collaborative rather than unilateral. Despite the limitations of the housing policies, these efforts helped mitigate Korea’s post-liberation housing crisis. This indicates that the early housing policies, while not entirely successful, had some success, prompting a reconsideration of the historical evaluation of the U.S. military government’s housing policies in Korea. |
