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±¸¼ºÁÖÀÇÀÇ ¹Ý¿µ: McNay Art MuseumÀÇ Àü½Ã »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ / Reflecting Constructivism: A Case Study of McNay Art Museum¡¯s Exhibition |
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Çѱ¹°ø°£µðÀÚÀÎÇÐȸ ³í¹®Áý, Vol.18 No.08 (2023-12) |
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½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö(843) ÃÑÆäÀÌÁö(12) |
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±¸¼ºÁÖÀÇ; Àü½Ã ±âȹ; ÁÖÁ¦ Á᫐ Àü½Ã; Âü¿©Àû Àü½Ã; °ü¶÷ÀÚ °æÇè ; Constructivism; Exhibition Design; Thematic Exhibition; Participatory Exhibition; Visitor Experience |
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(Background and Purpose) Museums have developed into public institutions that encourage visitors to participate in the interpretative process as active participants rather than passively receiving information about works of art. These changes in museums are due to the influence of constructivist theory, which argues that knowledge is constructed through learners¡¯ active participation, interpretation, and meaning-making processes in learning. This study investigated the Womanish Exhibition at the McNay Art Museum in San Antonio, Texas, USA, which reflects the idea of constructivism. Specifically, the researcher considers exhibition planning that affects the artistic experience of viewers based on their art and museum educator backgrounds. This study aims to offer ideas for future participatory exhibition designs that align with constructivist ideas. (Method) This qualitative case study analyzed a particular exhibition in depth. The data collection methods used in this study included exhibition observations, photographs of the exhibition and collections, museum materials (official websites, SNS, brochure information, etc.), newspaper articles, and literature reviews on museum exhibition planning and viewer experience. The researcher used their knowledge and expertise as an art and museum educator to interpret the observed data and cross-analyze the collected data in detail. (Results) As a result of the study, 1) thematic exhibitions connect artists (artworks) across various eras and cultures and serve as a conceptual framework for visitors¡¯ interpretations of the artworks. 2) Providing open-ended questions as wall texts rather than directly specifying exhibition themes helped visitors interpret the artworks by recalling their personal experiences and relating the meaning of the artwork to their thoughts. 3) The museum¡¯s efforts to embrace the diversity-inviting international, domestic, and local artists to participate in the exhibition, creating wall texts in two languages to consider regional characteristics, and cooperating with various departments within the museum to plan the exhibition not only helped visitors actively participate but also showed the evolution from an authoritarian museum to a democratic museum. 4) Participatory gallery activities not only allowed visitors to observe the artworks in detail but also helped them relate the artworks to their personal experiences. (Conclusion) This study is meaningful in that it shows an example of an exhibition that reflects the idea of constructivism, which helps visitors observe, interpret, and connect with previous thoughts and experiences as well as gain meaningful art experiences through active participation. Future research on various art exhibitions that reflect constructivism is expected to help museums grow as participatory museums. |