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³í¹®¸í ±Ù´ë Áß»êÃþ ÁÖ°Å ¸ðµ¨·Î¼­ÀÇ ¹Ù¹Ù ÁÖÅÃÀü½Ãȸ »ç·Ê ¿¬±¸ / A Case Study on the Baba Housing Exhibition Estate as a Model of Modern Middle Class Housing
ÀúÀÚ¸í Àü³²ÀÏ
¹ßÇà»ç Çѱ¹ÁÖ°ÅÇÐȸ
¼ö·Ï»çÇ× Çѱ¹ÁÖ°ÅÇÐȸ³í¹®Áý, Vol.34 No.3 (2023-06)
ÆäÀÌÁö ½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö(57) ÃÑÆäÀÌÁö(10)
ISSN 2234-3571
ÁÖÁ¦ºÐ·ù °èȹ¹×¼³°è / µµ½Ã
ÁÖÁ¦¾î ¹Ù¹Ù ÁÖÅÃÀü½Ãȸ; ½Å°ÇÃà; ÁÖ°ÅÇعæ; üÄÚ ¸ð´õ´ÏÁò ; Baba Eastate; Neues Bauen(New Architecture); Liberation of Housing; Czech Modernism
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ù°, Æò¸é±¸¼º¿¡ À־ °øÀû °ø°£°ú »çÀû °ø°£À» ¸íÈ®È÷ ±¸ºÐÇÏ¿´°í, °³Àΰø°£¿¡¼­ÀÇ »ç»ýÈ°À» ÃæºÐÈ÷ º¸ÀåÇÏ´Â °èȹÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ °øµ¿»ýÈ°°ø°£Àº ´Ù¾çÇÑ ±¸¼ºÀ» º¸À̸鼭 °³¹æÀû Ư¼ºÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. µÑ°, Å׶ó½º, ¿Á»óÁ¤¿ø, ¹ßÄÚ´Ï µî ³», ¿ÜºÎÀÇ Áß°£Àû ¼º°ÝÀÇ °ø°£À» ÅëÇØ ¿ÜºÎ°ø°£ÀÇ °ø±â¿Í ÇÞºûÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÇâÀ¯ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, Èï¹Ì·Ó°í ¸Å·ÂÀûÀÎ ÁְŸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼Â°, °Ç¹°ÀÇ ÇüÅ´ Àå¹æÇü, Á¤¹æÇüÀÇ ¹Ú½ºÇüÀ» ±âº»À¸·Î ÇÏ¿© Áï¹°ÀûÀÌ°í ´Ü¼øÇÑ ÇüŸ¦ º¸À̸鼭µµ ¸Å½º¸¦ µµ·Á³»°Å³ª Ãß°¡ÇÔÀ¸·Î¼­ º¯È­¸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Æò¸é, 3Â÷¿øÀÇ °ø°£, ±×¸®°í ¿ÜºÎÀÇ Á¶ÇüÀÌ ¼­·Î ¿¬µ¿Çϴ Ư¼ºÀº ¼öÁØ ³ôÀº °ÇÃàÀû ¹ÌÇаú °ø°£ÀÇ ÁúÀ» ´ãº¸ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³Ý°, ÆÄ»çµåÀÇ µðÀÚÀο¡´Â °¡º±°í ¸íÄèÇÑ À̹ÌÁöÀÇ ±Ù´ë ÁÖ°Å°ÇÃàÀÇ ¹ÌÇÐÀû Ư¼ºÀÌ ¹Ý¿µµÇ¾ú´Ù. º®Ã¼¸¦ ´ëüÇÏ´Â °¡·Î·Î ±ä ³ÐÀº âÀº ½Ã¾ß¸¦ ³ÐÇôÁÖ°í, °ú°ÅÀÇ Æó¼âÀûÀÎ ³»ºÎ°ø°£À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Å»ÇÇÇÑ Çõ½Å¼ºÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
¹Ù¹Ù ÁÖ°Å´ÜÁö´Â ´ç½Ã À¯ÇàÇÏ¿´´ø ±¹Á¦ÁÖÀÇ °ÇÃàÀÇ ÀÌ»óÀ» µû¸£µÇ, °¢°¢ÀÇ ´ë»óµé¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â °³º°ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¢±ÙÇÑ »ç·Ê·Î¼­ ÈÄÀÏÀÇ ÁְżöÁØ Çâ»óÀ» ¿¹°ßÇÑ ¹Ì·¡ÁöÇâÀûÀÌ°í ¼±±¸ÀûÀÎ ¸ðµ¨À» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ °ÇÃà µðÀÚÀο¡ À־ ±Ù´ë ¹ÌÇÐÀÇ ÀÌ»óÀ» Àß Ç¥ÇöÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¿ä¾à2 The purpose of this study is to reveal the innovative concept of the Baba Housing Exhibition Estate in Prague, Czech Republic, presented as a modern middle class housing, and to discuss its significance in housing history. Therefore, in this study, the historical background of ¡®Neues Bauen¡¯ and International style was reviewed, and the theory of ¡®Liberation of Housing¡¯ was explored as a argument about modern housing. In addition, the status of czech modernism and functionalism was examined, and the activities of Czechoslovak Werkbund were investigated. Especially, for 25 detached houses in BaBa Housing Estate, the type of floor plan, characteristics of spatial composition, and characteristics of exterior and architectural design were analyzed. As a conclusion, the BaBa Housing Estate followed the ideals of the international style that was popular at the time, but approached each object individually and achieved the architectural quality according to varied purpose. Through this, it suggested a future-oriented and pioneering model when predicting the improvement of housing standards. As well as it expressed the ideal of modern aesthetics in architectural appearance.
¼ÒÀåó Çѱ¹ÁÖ°ÅÇÐȸ
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DOI https://doi.org/10.6107/JKHA.2023.34.2.357
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