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¹ÙÀÌ¿ÀÇʸ¯ °üÁ¡À» ÅëÇØ ¹Ù¶óº» Á¤¼Àå¾Ö Ư¼öÇб³ÀÇ °ø°£ ºÐ¼® ¿¬±¸ -ÀÚÆó¼º Àå¾Ö ¾Æµ¿À» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î- / A Study on the Spatial Analysis of Special Schools with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders through Biophilic Perspective - Focused on the children with autism - |
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Çѱ¹°ø°£µðÀÚÀÎÇÐȸ ³í¹®Áý, Vol.18 No.03 (2023-04) |
ÆäÀÌÁö |
½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö(255) ÃÑÆäÀÌÁö(16) |
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¹ÙÀÌ¿ÀÇʸ¯ µðÀÚÀÎ; ¹ÙÀÌ¿ÀÇʸ®¾Æ; Ư¼öÇб³; ÀÚÆó¼ºÀå¾Ö; »çȸ¼º ¹ß´Þ ; Biophilic Design; Biophilia; Special School; Autistic Disorder; Sociality Development |
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(Background and Purpose) Due to the decrease in the labor force and the rapid increase in the number of people with autism, special schools require more training to foster the ability of disabled students to adapt to society. However, the employment rate of disabled students is still low at around 5%. they are not able to adapt to social organizations. This study aims to analyze the reorganization of special school spaces regards of promoting sociality and to study the applicability of biophilia theory through prior research that have proven the relationship between promoting sociality and nature. (Method) The research population was set up as three special schools for autistic children. Based on the analysis on correlation and utility through theoretical consideration of autistic children and sociality, the analysis framework is built. The core contents of the analysis framework are classified into three categories: the social disability type of autistic children, the design principles of special school facilities analyzed in previous studies, and the correlation between five senses stimulation of autistic nature and sociality. Then, it is determined whether space for promoting sociality is considered at a level of degree in special schools for emotional disorders, and responses for biophilic design elements that have proven useful for promoting sociality are derived. (Results) Our survey and analysis of Miral, Kyungjin, and Jeongae special schools found several limitations in their facilities. Firstly, in the case of classrooms, it was found that the use of exposed concrete lacked consideration for sound absorption or that they were vulnerable to noise due to the proximity of roads. Secondly, there was an imbalance in natural lighting due to direct lights and wall arrangements. Thirdly, this imbalance in indoor illumination was also confirmed in corridors and lobby spaces, and lack of color consideration was identified in classrooms and corridors, such as the use of intense primary colors and complex patterns. Fourthly, external spaces like Dulle-gil, flower beds, and gardens had poor maintenance. Finally, it is located in the city center, so there is a lack of connection with nearby green areas, and the area of external experience space is insufficient or absent. These limitations stem from building special schools based on the same methods used for regular schools in the 90s, without prioritizing and setting a hierarchy for special school spaces. (Conclusions) Through this study, it can be said that spatial consideration for promoting sociality in the internal and external environment is insufficient. Accordingly, it presents a spatial response based on a the classification system of biophilic design elements. The limitations of this study were studied mainly in domestic cases, and it is expected that an integrated analysis study on additional domestic and foreign cases will be conducted. |