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Àå¼ÒÀÇ Çü¼º ¿äÀΰú ·£µå½ºÄÉÀÌÇÁ °ÇÃàÀÇ °ü°è¼º ¿¬±¸ / A Study on the Relationship between Formation Element of Place and Landscape Architecture - Focus on the Place Formation Element of C. N. Schulz - / C. N. SchulzÀÇ Àå¼Ò Çü¼º ¿äÀÎÀ» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î |
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Àü¹ÎÁÖ(Minjoo Jeon) ; ±è¿¬Á¤(Yeonjung Kim) |
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Çѱ¹°ø°£µðÀÚÀÎÇÐȸ ³í¹®Áý, Vol.13 No.01 (2018-02) |
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½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö(111) ÃÑÆäÀÌÁö(14) |
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ÀÚ¿¬°ú °ÇÁ¶ ȯ°æÀÇ °ü°è ; Àå¼Ò ; Àå¼Ò¼º ; °ü°è¼º ; ·£µå½ºÄÉÀÌÇÁ °ÇÃà ; Ground-Built environment ; Place ; Placeness ; Relationship ; Landscape architecture |
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(¿¬±¸¹è°æ ¹× ¸ñÀû) »ê¾÷Çõ¸í ½Ã±â ±â°è·ÐÀû »ç°í¸¦ ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î µîÀåÇß´ø ÀÎÀ§ÀûÀÎ °ÇÁ¶ ȯ°æÀº ȯ°æÆÄ±«¿Í ÀÚ¿¬¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹«°ü½É ¾ç»ê °°Àº ¹®Á¦µéÀ» ¾ß±âÇÏ¿© »îÀÇ ÄèÀû¼º ÀúÇÏ´Â ¹°·Ð ȯ°æÀ» ÅëÇØ »ý¼ºµÇ´ø Áö¿ª °íÀ¯ÀÇ Àå¼Ò¼ºÀ» »ó½Ç½ÃÄ×´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ À̸¦ ÇØ°áÇϰíÀÚ »ýŰÇÃàÀ̶ó´Â ÆÐ·¯´ÙÀÓÀÌ ´ëµÎµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, º» ¿¬±¸´Â »ýŰÇÃà Áß È¯°æÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ´Â ·£µå½ºÄÉÀÌÇÁ °ÇÃà »ç·Ê¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿© Àå¼Ò¼º »ó½Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇØ°á¹æ¾ÈÀ» Á¦½ÃÇϰíÀÚ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ñÀû¿¡ µû¶ó º» ¿¬±¸ÀÚ´Â C. N. SchulzÀÇ Àå¼Ò Çü¼º ¿äÀÎÀ̷п¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ¿ìÁÖÀû, ³¶¸¸Àû, °íÀüÀû, º¹ÇÕÀû °æ°üÀ» ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© »ç·ÊµéÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ´Â ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ °úÁ¤À» ÅëÇØ Àå¼Ò¼ºÀÇ ±Ù°£ÀÌ µÇ´Â Àå¼ÒÀÇ Çü¼º°ú ȯ°æÀÇ °ü°è¼º ¹× ±× Çʿ伺À» Á¤¸®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. (¿¬±¸¹æ¹ý) º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼´Â Àå¼Ò Çü¼º ¿äÀο¡ ´ëÇÑ À̷еé Áß ÀÚ¿¬°ú °°Àº ȯ°æÀ» °Á¶Çß´ø ÇÐÀÚµéÀÇ °ßÇØ¸¦ ÁýÁßÇÏ¿© »ìÆìº¸¾Ò°í, ƯÈ÷ C. N SchulzÀÇ ÀÌ·ÐÀ» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ºÐ¼®±âÁØÀ» ¸¶·ÃÇß´Ù. SchulzÀÇ °ßÇØ¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé Àå¼ÒÀÇ Çü¼º ¿äÀο¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿¬°ú ÀΰøÀå¼Ò´Â ¼·Î »óÈ£ º¸¿ÏÀûÀΠƯ¼ºÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °ÇÁ¶ °úÁ¤¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀÚ¿¬°ú °°Àº ȯ°æÀû ¿äÀÎÀÇ °³ÀÔÀÌ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ÀÚ¿¬À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ È¯°æÀûÀÎ ¸Æ¶ô¿¡¼ ÆÄ»ýµÈ ¿äÀεéÀÌ Àå¼ÒÀÇ Çü¼º¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» Áõ¸íÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. (°á°ú) ºÐ¼®±âÁØÀ» ÅëÇØ °¢ »ç·ÊµéÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú, º» ¿¬±¸ÀÚ´Â SchulzÀÇ °ßÇØÃ³·³ °ÇÁ¶ °úÁ¤¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ȯ°æ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °í·Á¿Í °³ÀÔÀÌ Àΰø Àå¼Ò¿Í ÀÚ¿¬ Àå¼ÒÀÇ ±ÕÇüÀ» ¸ÂÃß°í, ÀÌ¿ëÀڵ鿡°Ô ÄèÀû¼ºÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ¸ç ³ª¾Æ°¡ ¿ª»çÀû, ¹®ÈÀû ¸Æ¶ô¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÃÄ Áö¿ª¸¶´ÙÀÇ °íÀ¯ÇÑ Àå¼Ò¿Í Àå¼Ò¼ºÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â µ¥¿¡ µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °úÁ¤À» ÅëÇØ Çü¼ºµÈ Àå¼Ò¼ºÀº ±Ã±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëÀڵ鿡°Ô Àå¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¾ÖÂø½É°ú À¯´ë°¨ µîÀ» Çü¼ºÇϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ°í, Àå¼Ò°¡ ¼Ò¼ÓµÈ Áö¿ªÀÇ È°¼ºÈ¿Í ¹ßÀü¿¡µµ µµ¿òÀ» Áشٴ °á·ÐÀ» µµÃâÇß´Ù. (°á·Ð) º» ¿¬±¸´Â ÇâÈÄ °ø°£µðÀÚÀο¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀÚ¿¬°ú °°Àº ȯ°æÀû ¸Æ¶ôÀ» °í·ÁÇÑ ·£µå½ºÄÉÀÌÇÁ °ÇÃàÀÇ Çʿ伺À» °Á¶Çϸç, ȯ°æÀ̶ó´Â ¿äÀÎÀÌ ÀÎÀ§ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶¼ºµÈ °ø°£¿¡ Àå¼Ò¼ºÀ» ºÎ¿©Çϱâ À§ÇÑ Çʼö ¿äÀÎÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿© ÁØ´Ù. ´õºÒ¾î ȯ°æÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ¿© Çü¼ºµÈ Àå¼Ò¼ºÀº ±Û·Î¹ú ½Ã´ë ¼Ó¿¡¼ Áö¿ª¸¶´ÙÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇØ °æÀï·ÂÀ» °®Ãâ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Áö¿øÇØÁشٴ °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù. °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î º» ¿¬±¸´Â ÀÚ¿¬ ȯ°æ°ú Àΰø Àå¼ÒÀÇ °ü°è¼ºÀ» ¸íÈ®ÇÏ°Ô Á¤¸³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÅëÇØ ¾ÕÀ¸·ÎÀÇ µðÀÚÀΰú ¼³°èÀÇ ¹æÇâÀ» Á¦¾ðÇϰí, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹æÇâ ¼Ó¿¡¼ °íÀ¯ÇÑ Àå¼Ò¼ºÀÌ »ý¼ºµÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹àÈù µ¥¿¡ ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÀÇÀǰ¡ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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(Background and Purpose) A factitious environment that arose on the grounds of the mechanistic thought of the Industrial Revolution era precipitated the problems that caused environmental havoc. The disregard towards nature led to the deterioration of both life and fundamental placeness. Ecological architecture emerged as a solution to this situation. This study analyzes cases of landscape architecture that contemplate the incorporation of the environmental element into ecological architecture, and makes several suggestions that could impede the loss of placeness. The present study aims to explore the relationship between the actual formation of a place?which would eventually become the foundation of the place?and the environment itself. For the latter, the analytical process was based on the elements included in Norberg-Schulz's theory of place formation; taking into account the cosmic, romantic, classical, and complex scenes and how these relate to the principle of necessity. (Method) In this study, we focused on the arguments of academics emphasizing nature-like environments, especially those of Norberg-Schulz, for analysis. According to Norberg-Schulz, the nature belonging to the place and the man-made place are mutually complementary factors, and that the properties of nature are deemed to be of great value in the building process. This means that the factors coming from the environmental context?including nature itself?may have an impact on the formation of that specific place. (Results) From our analysis of the cases, based on an analysis standard, we are in agreement with Schulz: the actual consideration and intervention of the environment itself during the building process, is what aids in adding balance between artificial and natural place. It also conveys the sense of comfort to its visitors, while influencing the area in question both historically and culturally, and thereby assisting in shaping the uniqueness of the place. Moreover, the place that is formed through this process prompts a bond to co-exist between the place and the people, while assisting in the development of the area at the same time. (Conclusions) This research emphasizes the necessity of landscape architecture that delivers the nature-like environmental factor into the future space design field. It proves how the environment is an essential factor in the formation of the placeness concept in artificially built places. It is also evidences that considering the nature-like environment factor adds more diversity to a specific region, which is necessary in the global era and thus adds competitiveness. Consequently, this study has been able to clearly conceptualize the relationship between the natural environment and artificially created ones, and suggests predictions for the directionality of future design and design planning. That is, within that directionality, it made it evident that place formation derives from it. |