³í¹®¸í |
CPTED Æò°¡ÁöÇ¥¸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÑ ´Ù¼¼´ë?´Ù°¡±¸ ¹ÐÁýÁö¿ªÀÇ ¹üÁË¿¹¹æµðÀÚÀÎ ¿¬±¸ / Research on Crime Prevention Design Using CPTED Evaluation Indicators in Densely Populated Areas with Multi-family Housing Units |
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Çѱ¹°ø°£µðÀÚÀÎÇÐȸ ³í¹®Áý, Vol.12 No.05 (2017-10) |
ÆäÀÌÁö |
½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö(263) ÃÑÆäÀÌÁö(12) |
ÁÖÁ¦¾î |
¹üÁË¿¹¹æµðÀÚÀÎ ; CPTED ; »ç·ÊÆò°¡¿¬±¸ ; ´Ù¼¼´ë?´Ù°¡±¸ ¹ÐÁýÁö¿ª ; CPTED Æò°¡ÁöÇ¥ ; Crime Prevention Design ; CPTED ; Case Study ; Multi-family Housing Units ; CPTED Evaluation Indicators |
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(¿¬±¸¹è°æ ¹× ¸ñÀû) ÃÖ±Ù »ìÀÎ, °µµ, ¼º¹üÁË, ¹æÈ, ÆøÇà µî °·Â¹üÁËÀÇ ¹ß»ýºóµµ°¡ ³ô¾ÆÁö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ƯÈ÷ ƯÁ¤ÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ÀÏ¹Ý ´ëÁßÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ '¹¯Áö¸¶ ¹üÁË'°¡ ¿¬ÀÌ¾î ¹ß»ýÇÏ¸é¼ ÀÏ»ó µµ½Ãȯ°æ¿¡¼ÀÇ ¹æ¹üºÐ¾ß¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¹¹ÎÀû À̸ñÀÌ ½ò¸®°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ Á¤ºÎ ¹× ÁöÀÚü´Â ¹üÁË¿¹¹æÀ» À§ÇÑ Á¦µµ °È¿Í ÇÔ²² '¹üÁË¿¹¹æÀ» À§ÇÑ È¯°æ¼³°è(CPTED : Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, ÀÌÇÏ CPTED)'¸¦ Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î µµÀÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¦µµÀû Á¢±ÙÀº »õ·ÎÀÌ °èȹ?°³¹ßµÇ´Â ½Åµµ½Ã ¹× ´ÜÁö¿¡ ±¹ÇѵDZ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÇöÀç Áö¿ªÁֹεéÀÌ »ì°í ÀÖ´Â ½Ç°ÅÁÖÁö, ƯÈ÷ ¹üÁË¿¡ Ãë¾àÇÑ ´Ù¼¼´ë?´Ù°¡±¸ ¹ÐÁýÁö¿ª¿¡´Â ¹üÁË¿¹¹æȯ°æ¼³°è¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àû¿ëÀÌ ¾î·Á¿î ½ÇÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. (¿¬±¸¹æ¹ý) ¼±Ç࿬±¸¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ´Ù¼¼´ë?´Ù°¡±¸ ¹ÐÁýÁö¿ª ½Ç°ÅÁÖÁö ´ë»ó CPTED Æò°¡ÁöÇ¥¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ µÚ, ¼¿ï½Ã ¹üÁË¿¹¹æµðÀÚÀÎ Àû¿ë»ç·ÊÀÎ °ü¾Ç±¸ Çà¿îµ¿À» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇØ´ç ÁöÇ¥°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ¹Ý¿µµÇ¾î ÀÖ´ÂÁö ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. À̸¦ ÅëÇØ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ÌÈíÇÑ ¿äÀÎÀ» ÁýÁߺм®ÇÑ µÚ À̸¦ °³¼±Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¹æ¾È°ú Á¤Ã¥Àû ´ë¾È, ±×¸®°í ÃÖ±Ù ºÎ°¢µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â Áö´ÉÇü ¹æ¹ü¿¬±¸¿ÍÀÇ ¿¬°è¹æ¾È µî ¹üÁË¿¹¹æ Àü·«À» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. (°á°ú) °Ç¹° ´ÜÀ§ ºÐ¼®°á°ú¸¦ »ìÆ캸¸é ù°, »ç°¢Áö´ë´Â ÁÖ·Î ±í¼÷ÇÑ ÁÖÂ÷Àå, Á¿ìÃø¸é ¹× µÚÆí °ø°£, °Ç¹°°ú ´ãÀå »çÀÌ, ¾²·¹±â ¹«´Ü Åõ±âÁö¿ª µîÀ¸·Î ¹°¸®Àû Á¦°Å(ºÎºÐ °ø»ç, ÁֹΠ°èµµ µî) ¹× º¸¾Èµî ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ÅëÇØ °³¼±µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. µÑ° ÃâÀÔ±¸¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÏ¿© °Ç¹° Á¤¸éºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹æ¹ü½Ã¼³ È®Ãæ ¹× CPTED Àû¿ëÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¿µ¿ª¼ºÀÌ ¸ðÈ£ÇÒ¼ö·Ï ¾²·¹±â ¹«´ÜÅõ±â, Èí¿¬ µîÀÇ ¹üÁËÀ¯¹ß È°µ¿ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î À̸¦ °í·ÁÇÑ ÅëÇÕÁö¿øÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. °ñ¸ñ ´ÜÀ§ ºÐ¼®°á°ú¸¦ »ìÆ캸¸é ù°, ¹üÁ˹߻ý ½Ã °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â CCTV(ºñ»óº§ Æ÷ÇÔ)ÀÇ ¼³Ä¡ Àå¼Ò´Â »ç°¢Áö´ë°¡ ¾ø°Ô²û À̸鵵·Î Àüü¸¦ °üÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹èÄ¡°èȹÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. µÑ°, ¾²·¹±â Åõ±âÀå¼Ò°¡ »ç°¢Áö´ë¸¦ Á¶¼ºÇÏ°í Èí¿¬Àå¼Ò·Î È°¿ëµÇ´Â µî ¹üÁ˸¦ À¯¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¾²·¹±â Àü¿ë ¼ö°ÅÀåÄ¡ ¹× µðÀÚÀÎ ÀÛ¾÷, ºÒ¹ýÅõ±â °æ°í ¹Ù´Ú ±×¸²ÀÚ Á¶¸í µîÀÇ ¼³Ä¡°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¼Â°, °ÇÃ๰ÀÇ ¿Ü°ü ¹× °¡·Î½Ã¼³¹°ÀÇ ÅëÀϼº ÀÖ´Â µðÀÚÀÎÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ³Ý°, Á¶¸í½Ã¼³ ¿ª½Ã º¸Çà·Î¿¡ »ç°¢Áö´ë°¡ ¾ø°Ô²û ¼³Ä¡ÇØ¾ß µÇ°í ±Ù°Å¸®¿¡¼ ¾ó±¼À» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» Á¤µµÀÇ Á¶µµ¸¦ È®º¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¼¸Â°, º» ´ë»óÁö¿¡´Â ´Ù¼¼´ë?´Ù°¡±¸ ÁÖÅà ¹ÐÁýÁö¿ªÀ̶ó ÀÚÅõ¸® °ø°£ ÀÚü°¡ ¾ø¾úÁö¸¸, ÁֹεéÀÌ È°¹ßÈ÷ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Ä¿¹Â´ÏƼ½Ã¼³ ¹× Á¶°æ½Ã¼³(°ø¿ø, È´Ü µî) µîÀ» ¹èÄ¡ÇÏ¿© ÁֹΠ¿µ¿ªÀÇ½Ä °È¿Í È°µ¿ÀÇ È°¼ºÈ¸¦ µµ¸ðÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. (°á·Ð) º» ¿¬±¸´Â CPTED °ü·Ã Á¦µµÀÇ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀÌ ¹ÌºñÇÏ¸ç ¹üÁË¿¡ Ãë¾àÇÑ ±âÁ¸ ´Ù¼¼´ë?´Ù°¡±¸ ¹ÐÁýÁö¿ª ¹üÁË¿¹¹æµðÀÚÀÎ Àû¿ë»ç·Ê¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ½ÇÁúÀûÀÎ CPTED ¹Ý¿µ Æò°¡¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æò°¡ÁöÇ¥ ¹× ü°è, °³¼±¹æ¾È ¹× Á¤Ã¥Àû ´ë¾ÈÀ» Á¦½ÃÇѵ¥ ÀÇÀÇ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ´ë»óÁö¿¡ Àû¿ëµÇ¾ú´ø ¹üÁË¿¹¹æµðÀÚÀÎÀº CPTED Æò°¡¿¡´Â Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢Ä¡Áö ¸øÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó º» ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÅëÇØ µµÃâµÈ ½Ã»çÁ¡ÀÌ ¹Ý¿µµÈ Áö¿øÀÇ Çʿ伺À» °Á¶ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ü½Ã¼³ ¼³Ä¡, µðÀÚÀÎ ÀÛ¾÷ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Áö¿ªÁֹΠȰµ¿ È°¼ºÈ¿Í °°Àº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¹× ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀû Á¢±Ù¹æ¾ÈÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, Áö´ÉÇü ¹æ¹ü ¿¬±¸¿ÍÀÇ ¿¬°è¸¦ ÅëÇØ CPTED ¹æ¹ü¸ðµâ °È ¹× ¼Ò¼È¸Ê µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ±¸Ãà µîÀÇ ½ÇÁõÀû ´ë¾ÈÀ» µµÃâÇÏ¿´´Ù. |
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(Background and Purpose) Violent crimes such as murder, robbery, sex crimes, arson, and assault have been on the rise of late. In particular, "indiscriminate crimes" directed at the general public rather than specific individuals have been occurring continuously, resulting in increased public attention to crime prevention in urban environments. Accordingly, the national and local governments are actively introducing "crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)" together with strengthened systems for crime prevention. As the aforementioned institutional approach, however, is limited to newly planned or developed new towns or new complexes, it is difficult to apply crime prevention environmental design to areas where local residents are currently residing, especially densely populated areas with multi-family housing units, which are vulnerable to crimes. (Method) Therefore, in this study, CPTED evaluation indicators were established for densely populated areas with multi-family housing units inhabited by residents, based on previous studies, and how these indicators were reflected in the area of Haengwoon-dong, Gwanak-gu, which is an example of crime prevention design application in Seoul City, was analyzed. (Results) The analysis of the buildings showed that, first, they must be addressed through physical removal (including partial work and resident guidance) or security lighting installation. Second, it is necessary to expand the crime prevention facilities and to apply CPTED to the building front and entrance. The analysis of the alleys showed that, first, For the locations of the CCTVs (including the emergency bells), which play the most important role in crime occurrence, a layout plan for controlling all the backroads without blind spots is required. Second, as garbage dumping areas may cause crime by creating blind spots and providing smoking places, it is necessary to install garbage collection devices, design work, and ground shadow lighting for dumping warnings. Third, a uniform design/appearance of the buildings and street facilities is required. Fourth, lighting facilities must be installed so that there would be no blind spot on the walkways. Fifth, the territoriality of the residents and resident activities must be reinforced by establishing community and landscaping facilities (including parks and flower beds) that the residents can actively use. (Conclusions) As the crime prevention design that was applied to the study area did not have a significant influence on the CPTED evaluation, a need for support reflecting the implications derived from this study was emphasized. Programs and software approaches such as local resident activity reinforcement as well as physical crime prevention facility installation and design work were proposed, and practical alternatives such as CPTED crime prevention module reinforcement and social map data construction were derived through linkage with the intelligent crime prevention research. |