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³í¹®¸í Reconsidering the Symbolic Meaning of the Stupa
ÀúÀÚ¸í ±è¿µÀç(Kim, Young Jae)½Äº°ÀúÀÚ
¹ßÇà»ç ´ëÇÑ°ÇÃàÇÐȸÁöȸ¿¬ÇÕȸ
¼ö·Ï»çÇ× ´ëÇÑ°ÇÃàÇÐȸÁöȸ¿¬ÇÕȸ ³í¹®Áý, Vol.17 No.01 (Åë±Ç65È£) (2015-02)
ÆäÀÌÁö ½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö(159) ÃÑÆäÀÌÁö(10)
ISSN 1229-5752
ÁÖÁ¦ºÐ·ù ¿ª»ç
ÁÖÁ¦¾î ; Stupa ; Vedic ; Jaina ; and Buddhist Tradition ; Buddha ; Smasana ; Aiduka(Eduka) ; Yupa ; Tumulus ; Domical Hut
¿ä¾à1 ÀÌ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â ½ºÆ©ÆÄÀÇ »ó¡Àû Àǹ̰¡ ºÒ±³ÀÌÀüÀÇ ±â³ä¹°°ÇÃàÀÇ º¯ÀÌ¿Í º£µñ, ÀÚÀ̳ª, ±×¸®°í ºÒ±³ °ü·Ã ±¸Á¶¹°µé°ú °áÇÕÀÇ °á°ú·Î¼­, ½¬¸¶»ç³ª, ¾ÆÀ̵ÎÄ«(¿¡µÎÄ«), º¸µð°¡¶ó, ÀÇ·ÊÁ¦´Ü, ±âµÕ(À¯ÆÄ, ½ºÄ¯¹Ù, ¾ß½ºÆ¼), ±×¸®°í µ¼ÇüÁÖ°Å µî°ú °°Àº Áö¿ª°ÇÃàÀ¯Çü°ú À¶ÇյǸ鼭 ¼º¸³µÇ¾úÀ½À» »ìÆ캸¾Ò´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ½ºÆ©ÆÄÀÇ »ó¡Àû ÀÇ¹Ì¿Í ±â´ÉÀÌ ½¬¸¶»ç³ª¿Í ¾ÆÀ̵ÎÄ«(¿¡µÎÄ«)ÀÇ ¿ø½ÃÀû °³³ä°ú °áÇյǸ鼭, ºÒ±³½Ã´ë¿¡´Â ºÎó»ç¸®¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¹«´ý, ºÎó¸¦ ±â³äÇϱâ À§ÇÑ °ÅÁÖó, ºÎóÀÇ ¼º»óÀ» ¾ÈÄ¡Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¼º¼Ò, ºÎóÀÇ »ý¾Ö ¼Ó¿¡ µîÀåÇÏ´Â ¼öÇàó, ±×¸®°í ºÎó»ç¸®(¹°Ç°)¸¦ º¸°üÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ±¸Á¶¹° µîÀÌ ÇϳªÀÇ ¿µ¹¦°ÇÃ๰·Î ÅëÇյǾúÀ½À» ³íÁõÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÇÑÆí, ÀÌ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â ½ºÆ©ÆÄÀÇ »ó¡Àû Àǹ̰¡ ºÎóÀÇ »ý¾Ö¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ½Å¼ºÇÑ Àå¼ÒÀÇ ±¸Á¶¾îÈÖ¿Í º£µñ½Ã±âÀÇ ±â³ä¹°°ÇÃàÀÇ Áö¿ªÀû ¼±È£¿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿© ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¹æ½Ä ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ÀνĵǾúÀ½À» Áõ¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù. °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÅëÇؼ­ ½ºÆ©ÆÄÀÇ »ó¡Àû Àǹ̴ ºÒ±³ÀÌÀüÀÇ Áö¿ªÀû °ÇÃàÀ¯ÇüÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÀû äÅÃ, º£µñ ÀüÅëÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ »ó¡Àû ÀǹÌÀÇ º¸Àü, ±×¸®°í ¹æ, ¹«´ý, Á¦´Ü, ±âµÕ, Àå¼Ò, °ÅÁÖó¿Í °°Àº º¸ÆíÀû °³³äÀÇ Åë¼·À» ÅëÇؼ­ Àü°³µÇ¾î ¿ÔÀ½À» ¹àÇû´Ù.
¿ä¾à2 This thesis explores that the symbolic meanings of the stupas, as a result of both the transition of pre-Buddhist monuments and the mixture of Vedic, Jaina, and Buddhist tradition, were formed converging with such regional constructions as smasana, aiduka(eduka), Bodhi-ghara, ritual altars, pillars(yupa, skambha, and yasti), and dome-shaped huts. Also, the paper understand that, during the Buddhist period, the implication and function of the stupa were united into a mausoleum, joining hands with the primitive notion of smasana and aiduka(eduka), and then were more developed for the Buddha¡¯s relics, an honorific hut to memorize the Buddha, a shrine for the Buddha, a sacred place in the Buddha¡¯s biography, and a dwelling structure housing the living presence of the Buddha within its relic chamber. The study further shows that the symbolic meaning and functional purposes of the stupa was converged depending on the regional preferences of Vedic monuments and the structural vocabularies of Buddhist sacred sites. Hence, this research shows the stupa was developed with the selective adoption of the pre-Buddhist building types by local preferences, in the preservation of the varied symbolic meaning according to each locality, and through the employment of universal notions such as a chamber, a mound, an altar, a pillar, a place, and a hut.
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