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°ÇÃ࿪»ç¿¬±¸(Çѱ¹°ÇÃ࿪»çÇÐȸÁö) , Vol.34 No.2(Åë±Ç 159È£)(2025-04) |
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8ô;ÆÈô¹æ;ÆÈô°£;µµ·®Çü;Àΰ£Àû ôµµ ; 8 Cheok;Eight-Cheok House;Eight-Cheok Module;Measurement System;Human Scale |
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This study traces the origin and development of 8-cheok as a standard spatial unit in Korean architecture by examining historical texts. Rooted in ancient Chinese body-based measurement systems, 8-cheok originally represented the average human height. Although its direct anthropometric basis faded over time as measurement units lengthened, 8-cheok remained prominent in both literary and architectural contexts. The palcheok-bang (eight-cheok house), first mentioned in the Samguk Yusa, symbolized a hermit¡¯s dwelling and retained its symbolic meaning throughout the Goryeo period. In the Joseon era, influenced by Neo-Confucian values of restraint and humility, the palcheok-kan (eight-cheok module) emerged as a spatial standard reflecting the moral ideals of the Confucian elite. However, the palcheok-kan competed with other modular units. During the construction of the Seoul city walls, a conversion of 10 cheok per kan was used, while land surveys in the city sometimes adopted 7 cheok per kan. From the 17th century onward, however, the 8-cheok-per-kan conversion gradually gained dominance and became the representative unit. Despite its widespread use, the palcheok-kan was never formally codified by law and remained a customary standard until it disappeared during modern measurement reforms. |