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±â»ç¸í ½º¸¶Æ®½ÃƼ¿Í Ä¿¹Â´ÏƼ¸¦ À§ÇÑ »çȸÀû ±â¼ú·Î¼­ÀÇ ¸®ºù·¦ / Living Labs as Social Technologies for the Smart Cities and Communities
ÀúÀÚ¸í Æ丣³­µµ ºô¶ó¸®´¢ (Fernando Vilarino)
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¼ö·Ï»çÇ× Smart City Global Journal , 2020(2020-12)
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ÁÖÁ¦¾î ¸®ºù·¦; µðÁöÅÐ Àüȯ; ¿ë·® ±¸Ãà; Äڷγª19 ; Living Labs; Digital Transformation; Capacity Building; COVID-19
¿ä¾à1 ÃÖ±Ù ¸î ³â µ¿¾È, ¸®ºù·¦ ¿îµ¿Àº Àü ¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â °ü½É »çÇ×À» ½ÇÇèÇØ ¿Ô´Ù. ¸®ºù·¦Àº °³¹æ Çü Çõ½Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¿ëÀÚ Áß½ÉÀÇ ´ÙÁß ÀÌÇØ°ü°èÀÚ Á¢±Ù ¹æ½ÄÀÌ´Ù. ÃÖÁ¾ »ç¿ëÀÚµé(½Ã¹Îµé)À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¸ðµç ÀÌÇØ´ç»çÀÚµéÀ» °³¹æÇü Çõ½Å ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º¿¡ ÅëÇÕ½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀº, ¸®ºù·¦ÀÌ ½º¸¶Æ®½ÃƼ¿Í Áö¿ª»çȸ °¡ Àü¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î Á÷¸éÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â º¹ÀâÇÑ ¹®Á¦µéÀ» ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ³í¹®Àº µðÁöÅÐ ÀüȯÀÇ ¸Æ¶ô¿¡¼­ ¸®ºù·¦ °³³ä¿¡ ´ëÇØ °£·«È÷ ¼Ò°³Çϸç, »õ·Î¿î ½Ã³ª¸®¿À°¡ âÃâ ÇÏ´Â ±âȸµµ ÇÔ²² Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ³í¹®ÀÇ Á¢±Ù ¹æ½ÄÀº À¯·´ÀÇ ¸®ºù·¦ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿Í ¸®ºù·¦ Ä¿¹Â ´ÏƼ¸¦ ÁØ°Å·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â ÀÏ»óÀÇ ÀÓ¹«¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ¸®ºù·¦ Ä¿¹Â´ÏƼ¸¦ Á¶Á÷ÇÏ´Â Çൿ ÁöÇâÀû ŽºÅ©Æ÷½º¿Í ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¢±Ù ¹æ½ÄÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¿ª·® ±¸Ãà °úÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼­¼ú ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¬±¸´Â ¸®ºù·¦ÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ¹ÎøÇÑ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î Çõ½Å ÇàÀ§µéÀ» Á¶À²ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀÏ ·ÃÀÇ Á¾ÇÕÀûÀÎ ¸®ºù·¦ ´ëÇ¥ »ç·Ê(Äڷγª19 ÆÒµ¥¹Í ´ëÀÀ À̴ϼÅƼºê °ü·Ã)¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸ ·Î ÀÌ ³í¹®Àº ÇâÈÄÀÇ ¸®ºù·¦ ¿ªÇÒ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼÷°íÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¿ä¾à2 In the recent years, the living lab movement has experimented a growing interest around the world. Living labs are user-centric multi-stakeholder approaches to open innovation. Their integration of all the stakeholders, included the final users -ourselves, as citizens- into the open innovation processes place living labs in a privileged position to tackle the complex challenges that our smart cities and communities are facing globally. In this paper, we will present a short introduction to the living lab concept in the context of the Digital Transformation together with the opportunities that the new scenario generates. We will make this approach taking as a reference the European Network of Living Labs and its community of living labs. We will describe the Action-oriented task forces that are organising the living lab community around common missions, and the capacity building processes that are needed to develop this approach. We complement this paper with examples of living lab-related initiatives in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which represent a set of comprehensive examples about how living labs can orchestrate innovation actions in an agile way, and closing the paper with a reflection about the role of living labs in the years to come.
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