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±â»ç¸í [³í¹®] ³ëº£¸£±×-½¶Ã÷(C. Norberg-Schulz)ÀÇ 'Àå¼Ò¼º'À̷п¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÆÇÀû °íÂû / A Critical Review on C. Norberg Schulz's Theory of the ¡®Placeness¡¯ / ÇÏÀ̵¥°Å(Martin Heidegger)ÀÇ ; °³¹æ¼º(Openness)'°ú 'Æ´»õ³»±â(Rift-design)'»çÀ¯¸¦ ±Ù°Å·Î
ÀúÀÚ¸í À̽ÂÇå½Äº°ÀúÀÚ ; À̵¿¾ð½Äº°ÀúÀÚ
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¼ö·Ï»çÇ× °ÇÃ࿪»ç¿¬±¸(Çѱ¹°ÇÃ࿪»çÇÐȸÁö) , v.12 n.3(2003-09)
ÆäÀÌÁö ½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö(149) ÃÑÆäÀÌÁö(14)
ISSN 15981142
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ÁÖÁ¦¾î ½¶Ã÷ ; ÇÏÀ̵¥°Å ; Àå¼Ò ; Àå¼Ò¼º ; ÅÍÁ¸Àç ; °³¹æ¼º ; Æ´»õ³»±â ; C. Norberg-Schulz ; Martin Heidegger ; Place ; Placeness ; Dasein ; Openness ; Rift-design
¿ä¾à1 ÀÌ ³í¹®Àº ½¶Ã÷ÀÇ Àå¼Ò¼º ÀÌ·ÐÀÌ ÇÏÀ̵¥°Å »çÀ¯ÀÇ ±Ùº»À» ÆÄ¾ÇÇÏÁö ¸øÇϰí, °³³äÈ­ ȤÀº °íÂøÈ­µÈ °üÁ¡À¸·Î ³íÁö¸¦ Àü°³ÇÔÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ Àå¼ÒÀÇ °³¹æÀû, ¿ªµ¿ÀûÀΠƯ¼ºÀ» »çÀ¯ÇÏÁö ¸øÇϰí ÀÖÀ½À» ºñÆÇÀûÀ¸·Î ÁöÀûÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̸¦ À§ÇØ ÀÌ·ÐÀÇ ½Ã¿ø(ã·ê«)À¸·Î Á¤ÃÊÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ÇÏÀ̵¥°ÅÀÇ »çÀ¯¿ÍÀÇ ¸é¹ÐÇÑ ºñ±³ ºÐ¼®ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¹«¾ùº¸´Ù ±×°¡ ±â¼úÇÑ ¡°°ÇÃà¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÏÀ̵¥°ÅÀÇ »çÀ¯(Heidegger's Thinking on Architecture)¡±¶ó´Â ±ÛÀº º» ³íÀÇ¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ´ÜÃÊ(Ó®ôø)¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé, ÀÌ ±Û¿¡¼­ ½¶Ã÷´Â ÇÏÀ̵¥°Å°¡ ³íÁõÇÑ Á¸ÀçÀÇ Á¸Àç¹æ½Ä°ú ±¸Çö¹æ½Ä¿¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³í°Å(ÒÕËà)°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» ¹àÈ÷¸ç, À̸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àå¼Ò¼º ÀÌ·ÐÀÌ Àü°³µÇ¾úÀ½À» ÀÔÁõÇϰí Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
¶ÇÇÑ ±×ÀÇ ³íÁö¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿©·¯ ÀúÀÛ¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¾ð¼³µéÀ» ÀÌ ±ÛÀÇ È帧 À§¿¡¼­ ÇÔ²² ³íÀÇÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ºñÆÇÀÇ ¸íÁõ¼º(Ù¥ñûàõ)À» È®º¸Çϱâ À§Çؼ­ ºñÆÇÀÇ ´ë»ó°ú ºñÆÇÀÇ ¹æ¹ý, ±×¸®°í ºñÆÇÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ» °ø°íÈ÷ ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ³í¹®Àº Á¤Ã¼¼ºÀÇ À§±â¸¦ °¡Á®¿Â Àå¼Ò¼ººÎÀçÀÇ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ±Øº¹Çϱâ À§ÇØ ¿ì¼± Àå¼ÒÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀû Àǹ̸¦ ±Ã±¸(Ïãϼ)Çϸç, ´õ ³ª¾Æ°¡ Àå¼Ò¼º Ç¥ÃâÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¸ð»öÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯±â À§Çؼ­ ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇÏÀ̵¥°Å¿Í ½¶Ã÷ÀÇ ÀÔÀå Â÷À̸¦ ºñ±³ ºÐ¼®ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸Å ÀåÀÇ Àü¹ÝºÎ´Â ³íÁ¡ÀÇ À¯»ç¼ºÀ» ³íÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç, ÈĹݺδ ³íÁ¡ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡À» ¹àÈú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿©±â¼­ ÇÏÀ̵¥°Å »çÀ¯ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÎ ¡°°³¹æ¼º(openness)¡±°ú ¡°Æ´»õ³»±â(rift-design)¡±´Â ½¶Ã÷ÀÇ ÀÌ·ÐÀû ÇѰ踦 ºñÆÇÇÏ´Â ½Ã±Ý¼®ÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ±×°ÍÀ» ±Øº¹Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¹æÇ⟰¡ µÈ´Ù. À̰°ÀÌ ÇÏÀ̵¥°Å »çÀ¯ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ºÎºÐÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© ½¶Ã÷ÀÇ Àå¼Ò¼º ÀÌ·ÐÀ» ´Ù½Ã ÀÐÀ½(rereading)À¸·Î ±×°ÍÀ» ÀçȰ¼ºÈ­½ÃŰ´Â µ¥ ÀÌ ³í¹®ÀÇ ÀÇÀǸ¦ µÐ´Ù.
¿ä¾à2 Schulz accepted the existentialist view based on Heidegger's thought and at the same time the objectivist view making fixed this living world, evoking controversies for discussion. He could not see various presentations of the meaning of place because he perceived elements of this world individually. Thus Schulz's mixed system of understanding is sternly different from Heidegger's thought.
First, Heidegger suggests that place as existential space represents the occasion revelation of incidents in Dasein. While Schulz recognizes that place is a systematic space predetermined for Dasein. Second, Heidegger interprets the placeness as creative openness in which elements comprising this world face and interact with each other into one. In contrast, Schulz defines each of the elements through signification and regards it as invariable and static. Third, Heidegger perceives that the placeness is expressed with sustainable, complex images through "rift-design" which seeks dynamic interactions between the ground and the world. While Schulz attempts to take "Genius Loci" or "habituated scene" through "gathering" as a concept he regards static and then visualize such structural two factors, producing certain internal images of place.
However, limits of Schulz's theory prevent us from exerting complete imagination and discovering the inner creative world of the object. Thus the ultimate goal of paying attention to the placeness, that is, the recovery of individual identity, fails due to the prevalence and abstraction of objectified thinking. In contrast, Heidegger's thought about "openness" is a useful means of realizing the placeness. Openness may be referred to a dynamic coordination in which the earth and the world sustain each other under incessant mutual tensions, but not sticking o each other. "Rift-design" is an openness strategy to cause tense relations by preventing structuralization intentively. This is a creative design that allows seeing original seams of the object.
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